General

The present document specifies PAdES digital signatures. PAdES signatures build on PDF signature mechanisms 
defined in the ISO 32000 series. For documents conforming to ISO 32000-1 [1] PAdES utilizes an extended, alternative 
signature encoding. For documents conforming to ISO 32000-2 [9], these signature structures are incorporated natively 
by default within the core standard. Both approaches support digital signature formats equivalent to the signature format 
CAdES as specified in ETSI EN 319 122-1 [2], by incorporation of signed and unsigned attributes, which fulfil certain 
common requirements (such as the long term validity of digital signatures) in a number of use cases. 
The present document specifies formats for PAdES baseline signatures, which provide the basic features necessary for a 
wide range of business and governmental use cases for electronic procedures and communications to be applicable to a 
wide range of communities when there is a clear need for interoperability of digital signatures used in electronic 
documents. 
The present document defines four levels of PAdES baseline signatures addressing incremental requirements to 
maintain the validity of the signatures over the long term, in a way that a certain level always addresses all the 
requirements addressed at levels that are below it. Each level requires the presence of certain PAdES attributes, suitably 
profiled for reducing the optionality as much as possible. 
Procedures for creation, augmentation, and validation of PAdES digital signatures are out of scope and specified in 
ETSI EN 319 102-1 [10]. Guidance on creation, augmentation and validation of PAdES digital signatures including the 
usage of the different attributes defined in the present document is provided in ETSI TR 119 100 [i.4]. The present 
document aims at supporting electronic signatures in different regulatory frameworks. 
NOTE: Specifically but not exclusively, PAdES digital signatures specified in the present document aim at 
supporting electronic signatures, advanced electronic signatures, qualified electronic signatures, 
electronic seals, advanced electronic seals, and qualified electronic seals as per Regulation (EU) 
No 910/2014 [i.2].

The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for Vehicle-Mounted Earth 
Stations (VMES). The VMES system overview is presented below. 
External mounted 
equipment (EME) 
Enclosure / Radome
LNA 
Antenna
Externally or internally 
mounted equipment 
BDC 
HPA 
Stabilization 
& Tracking 
mechanism 
Internally mounted 
equipment (IME) 
BUC 
Antenna 
Controller 
Radio
Modem
Control and 
Monitoring 
Function 
Figure 1: VMES System Overview 
In-vehicle 
Services 
Interface 
Antenna 
Control 
Facility 
Interface 
• The VMES may transmit and receive data when the vehicle is in motion and also when the vehicle is 
stationary. 
• The VMES operates on wheeled or tracked vehicles and, therefore, may be subject to occasional disturbances 
and interruptions in the satellite link. 
• The VMES is operating as part of a satellite network (e.g. star, mesh or point-to-point) used for the distribution 
and/or exchange of information. 
• The VMES is comprised of all the equipment, electrical and mechanical, from the antenna itself to the 
interface with other communications equipment on a vehicle (usually referred to as the terrestrial interface). 
• The VMES transmits on single carrier in the frequency range 14,00 GHz to 14,50 GHz. 
NOTE 1: For the purposes of the present specification, OFDM modulation is considered as a single carrier. 
• The VMES receives in one or more frequencies within the range from 10,70 GHz to 12,75 GHz. 
• The VMES uses linear or circular polarization. 
• The VMES is designed to operate through a geostationary satellite (or a cluster of co-located geostationary 
satellites) that is at least 3° away from any other geostationary satellite operating in the same frequencies and 
over the same coverage area. 
NOTE 2: Satellites may be spaced closer than 3°. In such cases, the satellite operator will inform the VMES client 
of the requirements of the system coordination agreements. 
• The VMES transmits at elevations greater than or equal to 7° relative to the local horizon. 
• The VMES is designed for unattended operation. 
ETSI 
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Draft ETSI EN 302 977 V2.1.13 (2026-08)
• The VMES is designed for both mobile and stationary operation. In the case of stationary operation, the 
VMES should not be accessible to the general public and operated safely. 
• The VMES is controlled and monitored by an Antenna Control Facility (ACF). This function may be 
performed centrally (e.g. for a network of VMESs with a central hub) or it could be performed within the 
VMES for autonomous control. The ACF is outside the scope of the present document. 
The present document applies to the VMES with its ancillary equipment and its various telecommunication ports, and 
when operated within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile as defined for its intended use and 
when installed as required by its intended use or in the user documentation. 
NOTE 3: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3 of 
Directive 2014/53/EU 2 [i.6] is given in Annex A.

1.0 General 
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for the following equipment:  
• Aerial User Equipment (UE) for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and New Radio (NR). 
NOTE:  The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU is 
given in annex A. 
1.1 Operating bands 
The aerial UE is capable of operating in all, or any part of the E-UTRA and NR frequency bands given in Table 1.1-1.  
Table 1.1-1: E-UTRA and NR aerial UE operating bands 
Band designation for 
operation as: 
Uplink (UL) operating band 
aerial UE transmit 
FUL_low to FUL_high 
Downlink (DL) operating band 
aerial UE receive 
FDL_low to FDL_high 
Duplex 
Mode 
Related EC/ECC 
decision 
E-UTRA  NR 
1 n1 1 920 MHz to 1 980 MHz 2 110 MHz to 2 170 MHz FDD [i.15], [i.16] and 
[i.18] 
3 n3 1 710 MHz to 1 785 MHz 1 805 MHz to 1 880 MHz FDD [i.13], [i.14] and 
[i.18] 
7 
(see note 3) 
n7 
(see note 3) 2 500 MHz to 2 570 MHz 2 620 MHz to 2 690 MHz FDD [i.17], [i.7] and 
[i.18] 
8 n8 880 MHz to 915 MHz 925 MHz to 960 MHz FDD [i.13], [i.14] and 
[i.18] 
20 
(see note 3) 
n20 
(see note 3) 832 MHz to 862 MHz 791 MHz to 821 MHz FDD [i.4], [i.5] and [i.18] 
28 
(see notes 1 
and 3) 
n28 
(see notes 1 
and 3) 
703 MHz to 748 MHz 758 MHz to 803 MHz FDD [i.9], [i.10] and 
[i.18] 
38 
(see note 3) 
n38 
(see note 3) 2 570 MHz to 2 620 MHz 2 570 MHz to 2 620 MHz TDD [i.17], [i.7] and 
[i.18] 
N/A 
n91 
(see notes 2 
and 3) 
832 MHz to 862 MHz 1 427 MHz to 1 432 MHz FDD [i.4], [i.5] and [i.18] 
N/A 
n92 
(see notes 2 
and 3) 
832 MHz to 862 MHz 1 432 MHz to 1 517 MHz FDD [i.4], [i.5] and [i.18] 
N/A n93 
(see note 2) 880 MHz to 915 MHz 1 427 MHz to 1 432 MHz FDD [i.13], [i.14] and 
[i.18] 
N/A n94 
(see note 2) 880 MHz to 915 MHz 1 432 MHz to 1 517 MHz FDD [i.13], [i.14] and 
[i.18]  
N/A 
n109 
(see notes 2 
and 3) 
703 MHz to 733 MHz 1 432 MHz to 1 517 MHz FDD [i.11] and [i.18] 
NOTE 1: In Europe, according to [i.9] and [i.10], radio equipment in band 28 is only allowed between 703 MHz and 
736 MHz (FUL_low = 703 MHz and FUL_high = 736 MHz) for the transmitter and between 758 MHz and 791 MHz 
(FDL_low = 758 MHz and FDL_high = 791 MHz) for the receiver. 
NOTE 2: Variable duplex operation does not enable dynamic variable duplex configuration by the network, and is used 
such that DL and UL frequency ranges are supported independently in any valid frequency range for the 
band. 
NOTE 3: For those bands, mechanisms to ensure no-transmit zones for the aerial UEs are not considered in the 
current version of the present document. 
 
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of 
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in annex A. 
 
ETSI 
Draft ETSI EN 301 908-26 V1.0.0 (2026-08) 11 
The present document covers requirements for E-UTRA and NR aerial UE from 3GPP™ Releases 18 defined in 
ETSI TS 136 101 [2] and ETSI TS 138 101-1 [3], respectively. This includes the requirements for E-UTRA and NR 
aerial UE operating bands from 3GPP™ Release 18 defined in ETSI TS 136 101 [2] and ETSI TS 138 101-1 [3]. 
The requirements for NR aerial UE in the present document apply to the combination of channel bandwidths, SCS and 
operating bands shown in Table 1.1-2. The channel bandwidths are specified for both the TX and RX path. 
Table 1.1-2: Channel Bandwidths for each NR band 
   NR band / SCS / UE Channel bandwidth 
NR 
Band 
SCS 
kHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 
(notes 1, 2) 
15 MHz 
(note 2) 
20 MHz 
(note 2) 
25 MHz 
(note 2) 30 MHz 35 MHz 40 MHz 45 MHz 50 MHz 
n1 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 
Yes  
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
30  Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 
Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
60  Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 
Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
n3 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 Yes Yes 
Note 4 Yes 
30  Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 Yes Yes 
Note 4 Yes 
60  Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 Yes Yes 
Note 4 Yes 
n7 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes  Yes  Yes 
30  Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes  Yes  Yes 
60  Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes  Yes  Yes 
n8 
15 
Yes 
Yes Yes Yes   
Yes 
Notes 3 
and 4 
 
 
 
30 
 Yes 
Yes Yes   
Yes 
Notes 3 
and 4 
 
 
 
60           
n20 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes       
30  Yes Yes Yes       
60           
n28 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 5  Yes 
Note 5 
    
30  Yes Yes Yes 
Note 5  Yes 
Note 5 
    
60           
n38 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 
Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
  
30  Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 
Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
  
60  Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 
Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
  
60 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 
Note 4 
Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
Note 4 
 Yes 
n91 
15 Yes Yes 
Note 6         
30           
60           
n92 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes       
30           
60           
n93 
15 Yes Yes 
Note 6         
30           
60           
n94 
15 Yes Yes Yes Yes       
30           
60           
12
Draft ETSI EN 301 908-26 V1.0.0 (2026-08) 
NR band / SCS / UE Channel bandwidth 
SCS 
kHz 
5 MHz 
10 MHz 
(notes 1, 2) 
NR 
Band 
15 MHz 
(note 2) 
20 MHz 
(note 2) 
25 MHz 
(note 2) 30 MHz 35 MHz 40 MHz 45 MHz 50 MHz 
15 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes
 Yes 
Yes
 Yes  
Yes 
Note 3 
n109 
30 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes
 Yes 
Yes
 Yes  
 Yes 
Note 3 
Yes 
Note 3 
60 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes
 Yes 
Yes
 Yes  
 Yes 
Note 3 
Yes 
Note 3 
 Yes 
Note 3 
NOTE 1: 90 % spectrum utilization may not be achieved for 30 kHz SCS. 
NOTE 2: 90 % spectrum utilization may not be achieved for 60 kHz SCS. 
NOTE 3: This aerial UE channel bandwidth applies only to downlink. 
NOTE 4: This aerial UE channel bandwidth is optional in this version of the present document. 
NOTE 5: For the 20 MHz bandwidth, the minimum requirements are specified for NR UL carrier frequencies confined to 
either 713 MHz to 723 MHz or 728 MHz to 738 MHz. 
NOTE 6: This aerial UE channel bandwidth is applicable only to uplink.

The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for Earth Stations located on 
board Trains, which have the following characteristics:

External Mounted Equipment, EME 
Enclosure / Radome 
Antenna 
LNB
HPA
Internal Mounted Equipment, IME 
Stabilization & Tracking 
Mechanism 
Radio 
Antenna 
Control 
Figure 1: EST System Overview  
Modem 
Internal 
CMF 
On-Train 
Services 
Interface 
• The EST may transmit and receive data when the train is in motion and also when the train is stationary. 
• The EST operates in a railway environment and, therefore, may be subject to occasional disturbances and 
interruptions in the satellite link. 
• The EST is operating as part of a satellite network (e.g. star, mesh or point-to-point) used for the distribution 
and/or exchange of information. 
• The EST is comprised of all the equipment, electrical and mechanical, from the antenna itself to the interface 
with other communications equipment on a train (usually referred to as the terrestrial interface). 
• The EST transmits on single carrier in the frequency range 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz, which is allocated to the 
Mobile Satellite Service (Earth-to-space), as secondary service. 
• The EST receives in one or more frequencies within the range from 10,70 GHz to 12,75 GHz.  
• The EST uses linear or circular polarization. 
• The EST is designed to operate through a geostationary satellite (or a cluster of co-located geostationary 
satellites) that is at least 3° away from any other geostationary satellite operating in the same frequencies and 
over the same coverage area. 
• The EST transmits at elevations greater than or equal to 7° relative to the local horizon. 
• The EST is designed for unattended operation. 
• The EST is controlled and monitored by a Network Control Facility (NCF). The NCF is outside the scope of 
the present document. 
The present document applies to the EST with its ancillary equipment and its various telecommunication ports, and 
when operated within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile as defined for the intended use of the 
EST and when installed as required by the defined intended use of the EST or in the user documentation. 
ETSI 
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Draft ETSI EN 302 448 V2.1.18 (2026-09)
NOTE:  The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of 
Directive 2014/53 [i.12] is given in annex A. 

The present document describes the principles for powering of Telecommunications Equipment (TE) in access 
networks (both traditional copper based and Next Generation fibre and/or hybrid based) and contains requirements for 
the powering systems, laying down: 
• the characteristics of the input and output interfaces of the power units; the recommendations for TE power 
protection, also regarding network integrity and public services availability requirements; 
• the management data, necessary to guarantee the required availability of the network and provided public 
services and to ensure the maintenance of the TE power units. 
The present document takes into account the innovative characteristics of fibre-based access network equipment and 
considers the intrinsic limitations of local power plants and power distribution when ICT equipment is installed inside 
telecom centre, local exchanges, street cabinets or inside buildings: it goes from "complete integration of the power 
plant in the TE" to "remote power feeding from a distant power plant". 
The present document provides detailed information in annex A on the improved reliability of public electric power grid 
and on the improved reliability and availability of new fibre-based NGA network. It should be considered that, for street 
cabinet TE, the local power scenario is common, and, in that case, the main power supply availability characteristics are 
mainly based on electrical energy provider's performance. 
The present document applies to the powering of all equipment of the access network (copper, fibre or radio networks) 
located inside or outside telecommunications centres or local exchanges, differentiating the applicable and sustainable 
power protection requirements. The access network is defined as the part of the telecommunications network, which 
comprises the network termination (passive or active) that is installed inside customer premises and the first exchange 
that can be also the broadband local exchange.